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来源:大湾区国际学校入学考试培训机构 时间:2019/5/31 18:18:17
一、主语从句
1. 引导词:主语从句就是在复合句中用作主语的从句,引导主语从句的引导词主要有三类:一是that;二是whether;三是那些可以用作疑问词的词语,如what, who, which, when, where, how, why等。
That we shall be late is certain. 我们要晚了,这是确定无疑的。
What he says is not important. 他说的话并不重要。
2. 形式主语:有时为了避免句子显得“头重脚轻”,可用it作形式主语放在句首,而把真正的主语放在句末。
It’s a pity that he didn’t come. 很遗憾他没来。
It’s not yet known what she did. 她做什么还不得而知。
It was uncertain whether he could come or not. 他是否会来还不肯定。
这三句句首的it均为形式主语,相应的真主语分别是that he didn’t come / what she did / whether he could come or not。
二、表语从句
表语从句就是在复合句中用作表语的从句。一般说来,可用于引导主语从句的引导词也可用于引导表语从句,如that, what, who, which, when, where, how, why, whether等。如:
My idea is that we should do it right away. 我的意见是马上就干。
That is what he meant. 这就是他的意思。
另外,表语从句还可以用as if, as though, because等来引导。如:
It is because he is too foolish. 那是因为他太蠢了。
It is not as though we were poor. 又不是我们家里穷。
三、宾语从句
1. 引导词:宾语从句就是在复合句中用作宾语的从句。一般说来,可用于引导主语从句的引导词也可用于引导宾语从句,如that, what, who, which, when, where, how, why, whether等。如:
We believe that he is honest. 我们相信他是诚实的。
She has got what she wanted. 她要的东西得到了。
I haven’t decided whether I should go. 我还没决定我是否会去。
She asked why he was silent. 她问他为什么一言不发。
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